Autoformation en outils d’intelligence artificielle générative : un levier pour guider et optimiser la conception pédagogique

Abstract

This article presents a practice-based reflection on an experiment in guided self-training on generative artificial intelligence (GenAI), conducted in two graduate courses in Educational Technology at Université Laval, involving 45 professionals in instructional design and education. The experiment aimed to explore how practising instructional designers progressively appropriated GenAI, combining independent exploration with structured pedagogical support. The analysis highlights a three-phase learning curve: an initial curiosity, followed by a disruption of professional confidence, and ultimately a reaffirmation of the role of instructional designers through collective reflection. While initial interactions with GenAI sparked enthusiasm for its potential, many participants soon experienced a sense of devaluation, questioning their expertise in light of AI’s capabilities. However, a classroom discussion led by the instructor played a pivotal role in rebuilding professional confidence, emphasizing the complementarity between artificial and human intelligence. The structured pedagogical framework enabled students to move beyond their initial apprehension and reposition their expertise within a professional landscape where AI serves as an innovation enabler rather than a replacement for human skills. This reflection on practice highlights the importance of structured self-training, where individual exploration is enriched by a pedagogical framework fostering critical thinking and a contextualized understanding of AI-driven professional transformations. The recommendations derived from this experiment focus on two key areas: 1) strategies for higher education institutions to ensure the thoughtful and ethical integration of GenAI, and 2) the evolving role of instructional designers and learning experience designers, who must shift from being content producers to becoming architects of AI-enhanced learning environments.